The Importance of Homeschooling - 1086 Words

Bullet casings hit the floor as the young gunman who is dressed in army gear continues to relentlessly kill any humans that move in front of him: teachers, staff, and students. The fire alarm blares at a deafening tone throughout the school drowning out all other noises. The gunman creeps down the hallway as he passes crumpled, bloodied bodies of people that he’s shot. Eventually making his way down to the school’s cafeteria, he meets up with his comrade who is also disguised in army gear. The two gunmen, both students at the school, soon decide to take their own lives in the library of Columbine High School. Considered to be one of the worst school shootings in history, this event put many parents on edge and caused many more to home†¦show more content†¦These colleges specifically have recruiters that search for home school students based on how well they do on their tests (Romanowski 2006). Home school students also become active in their communities by havi ng their parents take them to public forums and to community service events (Romanowski 2006). In his article â€Å"Revisiting the common myths about homeschooling† Mr. Romanowski gives several examples where students become more involved in their communities and credits it to them having parental involvement (Romanowski 2006). Another huge learning advantage to homeschooling is that the students can be taught according to their own beliefs. Home schooled children can start off with a prayer to help them with their work and that can help them to have guidance in their studies. Home schooled children can also use approved religious workbooks to learn out of so that they are learning by their religious beliefs and also learning for what the secular world requires (Kleist-Tech 1998). Many of the childrens parents believe that they have been called upon by God to teach their children and that causes home schooled children to learn better because they have that religious background to help them feel comfortable (Kleist-Tech 1998). Home schooled children are also able to learn and embrace certain values and beliefs that they wouldnt be able to learn in aShow MoreRelatedHomeschooling Is Becoming A Method Of Education1127 Words   |  5 Pages Recent statistics indicate that homeschooling is increasingly becoming a method of education that is accepted and trendy. Homeschooling is now a fashionable choice for many of the young professional looking for the best education for their children. However, the question that arises is whether this form of education is right for our children. For parents, making the decision of instructing their children from home is not easy. The topic of homeschooling is controversial and involves issuesRead MorePublic School Vs. Public Schools995 Words   |  4 Pagesdifficult. Homeschooling, on the other hand, can be tailored to the specific needs of each child, and classroom size will vary depending on the number of children the parents have. Since the number of children is typically less with homeschooling, the chances the environment will be filled with distractions is minimal. Fewer distractions provides for focused learning and creating lesson plans to meet the needs of the child. Ind ividual children learn at different rates, and homeschooling affords theRead MoreHomeschooling outline persuasive speech Essay860 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Persuasive Speech Outline on Homeschooling General Purpose: I want to persuade my audience Specific Goal: I would like the audience to understand the advantage of why I strongly believe homeschooling is beneficial. Thesis: Homeschooling environment is an effective approach in education due to evidence of higher achievement on placement tests, success through college, engaged socially with activities outside homes, and students becoming active members of society. Organization Pattern: (StatementRead MoreHomeschooling Is The Lack Of Socialization956 Words   |  4 PagesDisadvantages of Homeschooling Many of the best childhood memories people hold on to and cherish are those related to school or a friend they met in school. However, in recent years, increasing amount of parents chose to deprive their children of these memories by adapting an alternative method of education - homeschooling. â€Å"Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home, as opposed to in the formal settings of a public or private school† (wikipedia.org)Read MoreThe Public School System Can Aid Improving A Child s Self Esteem And Self Confidence959 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment. There is a very understandable appeal of not paying for an education, but as the old saying goes, you get what you pay for. Most parents and youth decide to homeschool for more than one reason.. The most common reasons given for homeschooling are the following: customize or individualize the curriculum and learning environment for each child, accomplish more academically than in schools, use pedagogical approaches other than those typical in institutional schools, enhance family relationshipsRead MorePublic Education Is The Best Choice964 Words   |  4 Pagesoperated at the state level through the department of education, and locally through the school districts. Public education reform has taken many directions throughout history. Change is ongoing and implemented by educators who understand the importance of giving children a solid quality education. These modifications have included changing curriculum, testing, or performance evaluation reporting. The â€Å"No Child Left Behind Act of 2001† holds schools accountable for student performance. (ChubbRead MoreAdvantages Of Homeschooling1645 Words   |  7 Pagesand public schools have been always there, but parents are showing keen interest to understand if this homeschooling would be as effective as the formal education of already established popular schools in picture. As discussed by Raikes and Roggman, it is the formal education in public and private education in American schools which was widely practiced in the 19th century. And the homeschooling education system came through the late 1970s and the popularity has been steadily increasing since thenRead MoreHomeschooling And The Community : Homeschooling1681 Words   |  7 PagesKalie Mehaffy Dr. Grey Schools, Cultures and Communities 5/18/2015 Homeschooling and the Community In this paper, I will be discussing the benefits of homeschooling and how it is perceived in the community. Homeschooling in this paper defined as the structured education of children in their home by their parents without materials provided by the government, while the term unschooling in this paper is defined as the unstructured education of children in the home by their parents, again without materialsRead MoreLearning From Home For A Student1404 Words   |  6 PagesWhen evaluating the education system, a student has to be able to pass certain tasks and standards in each subject. The public school system and homeschooling have requirements to further the knowledge of a student to their potential in academics and joining extracurricular activities. Learning from home for a student allows parents to â€Å"understand and provide the best education† based upon how he or she learns (Brown). The education level of the parent should be also considered if they are qualifiedRead MoreHomeschooling Is Becoming A Fast Growing Educational Trend1691 Words   |  7 Pages Homeschooling is becoming a fast growing educational trend in today’s society. â€Å"The National Center for Education Statistics estimated that 1.1 million students received their schooling from home in the United States in 2003. This number represents approximately 2.2% of the entire student body in America. By contrast, only 15,000 students received home education 20 years ago.† (Jr., Ronald Kreager) Parents have not always had a constitutional right to homeschool their children. It was not until

A Interview On Management Related Competencies And...

The purpose of the interview is to gain knowledge and experience in management related competencies and personal management styles from the manager who is in the workplace, specifically, in the healthcare management position. Because there are many challenges that the managers are now facing, especially in the healthcare organizations such as limited resources, complex, specialized and more diverse teams, and the rise of a highly competitive environment, it’s my pleasure to meet one of the most powerful management personnel in the area of the diverse population group. Therefore, I challenged my in-class experiences by visiting the manager at Center of African-American Health and gained one-step-move on hand knowledge based experience†¦show more content†¦Finally, in 2005, BCI focused working on solely African-American health disparities and officially changed its name to the Center of African-American Health The Center for African-American Health (CAAH) is a community-based, not-for-profit organization located at 3601 Martin Luther King Blvd, Denver, CO 80205. The CAAH serves African-American community in the greater metropolitan Denver area where more than 2.5 million people reside. African-American account 11 percent of the total population in greater metropolitan Denver. It has 30 employees, including the manager, and 13 board members. The center serves this community in preventing and disease management programs paying attention to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, and diabetes. Besides disease prevention and management program, the center provides a wellness program for senior communities and health literacy training. While providing disease prevention and management program, as well as providing wellness program and literacy training, the CAAH, develops and provides culturally appropriate community service programs. Th e center also cohorts with an extensive variety of other health organizations. Not only, the center provides in-services programs but also devoted serving as an advocate organization for the

Drag in aircrafts Free Essays

string(63) " is least at minimum AOA and is greatest at the maximum AOA i\." There are four forces that act on an aircraft in flight: lift, weight, thrust, and drag. Aircraft’s motion in air is dependent on the relative magnitude and direction of these forces. Fig -1 below shows the direction of these forces. We will write a custom essay sample on Drag in aircrafts or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fig 1 (Benson, 2006) The weight of an airplane is always directed towards the center of the earth. The thrust is normally directed forward along the center-line of the aircraft. Lift and drag are aerodynamic forces on the airplane. Drag acts in a direction opposite to the motion of the aircraft and hence is sometimes referred to as the aerodynamic friction, while lift force acts perpendicular to the motion. An aircraft is in a state of equilibrium when the thrust and drag are equal and opposite. It will continue to move forward at the same uniform speed. If thrust or drag becomes greater than the opposite force, the aircraft loses its state of equilibrium. If thrust is greater than drag, the aircraft will accelerate. If drag is greater than thrust, the aircraft will lose speed and eventually descend. When lift and weight are equal and opposite, the airplane is in a state of equilibrium. If lift is greater than weight, the aircraft will climb. If weight is greater than lift, the airplane will descend. Drag is the aerodynamic force encountered as an airplane pushes through the air, which tends to slow the airplane down. Drag is generated by the contact of a solid body with a fluid, in this case due to the interaction between the plane body and air. Drag force, which is a mechanical force, is generated by every part of the airplane including the engines. It is a vector quantity i. e. has both magnitude and direction. Drag must be overcome by thrust in order to achieve forward motion. Drag is generated by nine conditions associated with the motion of air particles over the aircraft. Although prediction of drag and wind tunnel drag measurements of models yield good results, final drag evaluation must be obtained by flight tests. Sources of Drag in aircrafts Drag can be thought of as aerodynamic friction, and one of the sources of drag is the skin friction between the molecules of the air and the solid surface of the aircraft. Drag can also be thought of as aerodynamic resistance to the motion of the object through the fluid. This source of drag depends on the shape of the aircraft and is called form drag. As air flows around a body, the local velocity and pressure are changed. Since pressure is a measure of the momentum of the gas molecules and a change in momentum produces a force, a varying pressure distribution will produce a force on the body. This causes pressure drag. As an aircraft approaches the speed of sound, shock waves are generated along the surface. There is a drag penalty, known as wave drag that is associated with the formation of the shock waves. The magnitude of the wave drag depends on the Mach number of the flow. Ram drag is associated with slowing down the free stream air as air is brought inside the aircraft. Jet engines and cooling inlets on the aircraft are sources of ram drag. (Benson, 2006) There is an additional drag component caused by the generation of lift, known as induced drag, is the drag due to lift. It is also called â€Å"drag due to lift† because it only occurs on finite, lifting wings. This drag occurs because the flow near the wing tips is distorted span wise as a result of the pressure difference from the top to the bottom of the wing. Swirling vortices are formed at the wing tips, which produce a downwash of air behind the wing which is very strong near the wing tips and decreases toward the wing root. The local angle of attack of the wing is increased by the induced flow of the down wash, giving this, downstream-facing, component to the aerodynamic force acting over the entire wing. Types of Drag in aircrafts There are several types of drag: form, pressure, skin friction, parasite, induced, wave and ram. However, form, pressure, skin friction, wave and ram drags are collectively known as parasite drag. Hence, there are only two types of drag: parasite and induced Parasite drag – Profile or parasite drag is caused by the airplane pushing the air out of the way as it moves forward. The parasite drag of a typical airplane consists primarily of the skin friction, roughness, and pressure drag of the major components. Some additional parasite drag is also due to things like fuselage upsweep, control surface gaps, base areas, and other extraneous items. The basic parasite drag area for airfoil and body shapes can be computed from the following expression: f = k cf Swet, where the skin friction coefficient, cf , which is based on the exposed wetted area includes the effects of roughness, and the form factor, k, accounts for the effects of both super-velocities and pressure drag. Swet is the total wetted area of the body or surface. Computation of the overall parasite drag requires that we compute the drag area of each of the major components (fuselage, wing, nacelles and pylons, and tail surfaces) and then evaluate the additional parasite drag components described above. Hence it is written as: CDp = S ki cfi Sweti / Sref + CDupsweep + CDgap+ CDnac_base + CDmisc, where the first term includes skin friction, and pressure drag at zero lift of the major components. cfi is the average skin friction coefficient for a rough plate with transition at flight Reynolds number. Equivalent roughness is determined from flight test data. (http://adg. stanford. edu/aa241/drag/parasitedrag. html) Induced drag – Induced drag is the part of the force produced by the wing that is parallel to the relative wind, i. e. the lift. As it is a consequence of the vortices it is sometimes called vortex drag. Induced drag is least at minimum AOA and is greatest at the maximum AOA i. You read "Drag in aircrafts" in category "Papers" e. angle of attack. Induced drag = (k ? CL? / A) ? Q ? S where A is the wing aspect ratio. (Preston, R) The magnitude of induced drag depends on the amount of lift being generated by the wing and on the wing geometry Long, thin (chord wise) wings have low induced drag; short wings with a large chord have high induced drag. An airplane must fight its way through both kinds of drag in order to maintain steady flight. . Total drag is a sum of Parasite and Induced drag. Total Drag = Parasite drag + Induced drag However, the total drag of an aircraft is not simply the sum of the drag of its components. When the components are combined into a complete aircraft, one component can affect the air flowing around and over the airplane, and hence, the drag of one component can affect the drag associated with another component. These effects are called interference effects, and the change in the sum of the component drags is called interference drag. Thus, (Drag)1+2 = (Drag)1 + (Drag)2 + (Drag)interference (Johnston, D) Generally, interference drag will add to the component drags but in a few cases, for example, adding tip tanks to a wing, total drag will be less than the sum of the two component drags because of the reduction of induced drag. Total drag and its variation with altitude The equation for total drag is: D = CD x S x ? rV2 (Preston, R) where, CD is the coefficient of drag. It must be subdivided into two parts, the Cdi (Coefficient of induced drag) and CDp (Coefficient of parasite drag. ). Therefore it can be written as: D = (Cdi + Cdp) x S x ? rV2 (Preston, R) The airplane’s total drag determines the amount of thrust required at a given airspeed. Thrust must equal drag in steady flight. Lift and drag vary directly with the density of the air. As air density increases, lift and drag increase and as air density decreases, lift and drag decrease. Thus, both lift and drag will decrease at higher altitudes. Fig 1 shows the total drag curve which represents drag against velocity of the object. The fuel-flow versus velocity graph for an air graph is derived from this graph, and generally looks as shown in Fig 2 Fig – 1 (Preston, R) Fig – 2 (Preston, R) From the above drag it is seen that the total drag is minimum at a certain velocity. This occurs when the parasitic drag is equal to the induced drag. Below this speed induced drag dominates, and above this speed parasite drag dominates. Design engineers are interested in minimizing the total drag. Unfortunately many factors may conflict. For example, longer wing span reduces induced drag, but the larger frontal area usually means a higher coefficient of parasite drag. Conversely, a high wing loading (i. e. a small wing) with a small aspect ratio produces the lowest possible parasite drag but unfortunately is the produces for a lot of induced drag. In recent time it is seen that jet airliners have longer wings, to reduce induced drag, and then fly at higher altitudes to reduce the parasite drag. This causes no improvement in aerodynamic efficiency, but the higher altitudes do result in more efficient engine operation. (Preston, R) Angle of Attack (AOA), is the angle between the wing and the relative wind. Everything else being costant, an increase in AOA results in an increase in lift. This increase continues until the stall AOA is reached then the trend reverses itself and an increase in AOA results in decreased lift. The pilot uses the elevators to change the angle of attack until the wings produce the lift necessary for the desired maneuver. Besides AOA other factors also contribute to the production of lift, like relative wind velocity and air density i. e. temperature and altitude. Changing the size or shape of the wing (lowering the flaps) will also change the production of lift. Airspeed is absolutely necessary to produce lift. If there is no airflow past the wing, no air can be diverted downward. At low airspeed, the wing must fly at a high AOA to divert enough air downward to produce adequate lift. As airspeed increases, the wing can fly at lower AOAs to produce the needed lift. This is why airplanes flying relatively slow must be nose high (like an airliner just before landing or just as it takes off) but at high airspeeds fly with the fuselage fairly level. The key is that the wings don’t have to divert fast moving air down nearly as much as they do to slow moving air. Air density also contributes to the wing’s ability to produce lift. This is manifested primarily in an increase in altitude, which decreases air density. As the density decreases, the wing must push a greater volume of air downward by flying faster or push it down harder by increasing the angle of attack. This is why aircraft that fly very high must either go very fast e. g. Mach 3, or must have a very large wing for its weight. This is why the large passenger airplanes cruise at higher altitude to reduce drag, and hence save on the furl costs. (â€Å"Aircraft for Amateurs†, 1999) Small sized aircrafts have lower than normal Reynolds number. The drag coefficient attributable to skin friction is hence higher for the small aircraft. For this reason, the maximum lift-drag ratios characteristic of business jet aircraft tend to be lower than those of the large transports. Hence, the smaller flights can fly at relatively lower altitudes. References Books John A. Roberson Clayton T. Crowe, 1997, Engineering fluid Mechanics, 6th ed. , John Weily Sons Inc. , ISBN 0-471-14735-4. Clement Klienstreuer, 1997, Engineering Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-49670-5 Websites â€Å"Aircraft for Amateurs†, 11th Jan. 1999 http://www. fas. org/man/dod-101/sys/ac/intro. htm Benson, T. , â€Å"The Beginner’s guide to Aeronautics†. , 14th March 2006 http://www. grc. nasa. gov/WWW/K-12/////airplane/ Johnston, D. , â€Å"Drag†, http://www. centennialofflight. gov/essay/Theories_of_Flight/drag/TH4. htm â€Å"Parasitic Drag†, http://adg. stanford. edu/aa241/drag/parasitedrag. html Preston, R. , â€Å"Total Drag† and â€Å"Flight Controls†, http://selair. selkirk. bc. ca/aerodynamics1/ How to cite Drag in aircrafts, Papers

Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering

Question: Discuss about the Conference Series for Materials Science and Engineering. Answer: Introduction: Strategic information system is one of the critical information system used by modern day organisations to take important decisions in the system. This paper intends to study the critical aspect of strategic information systems and see how they work with each other. We also intend to do a literature review of strategic information systems which are prevalent in the country of Australia. Modern day organisations stresses a lot in proper management of day to data and then calling up proper inferences from this data. Critical report from McKinsey suggests that it is the organisation data which is most meaningful during decision making process of the organisation. The processing of strategic information system started back in the period when Enterprise resource planning started taking major steps in the industry. However as the gradual upscale started for ERP, people started realising that it is data powerhouse and can help in reducing efforts in managing information that organisations h ave. However it has been seen that new data crunching capabilities are needed to get more meaningful reports out from the system, which helps in doing proper decision making. Data is critical information and critical information acts as input for critical decision making in organisation. Some of the major companies which have presence in strategic information management ecosystem are Oracle, SAP, business intelli, SaLL. All of these systems are pretty famous and have been providing good experience to the user base at large. Each of these softwares differ in ways of features provided by them and also the functionalities provided by them. Some of them are industry focussed, some of them are having niche presence in particular market. For example a financial service provider like a bank generally opt for more known brand in the financial domain like Oracle and SAP. What also helps organisations like Oracle and SAP is the fact that they are already in most cases provider of strong ERP systems in many multinational organisations. For a user perspective it is very important the whole CXO team is involved in proper decision making process. These kind of decisions related to strategic information management softwares can make or break the backbone of the company. A customer relationship management solution which is better known as CRM, is a subset of strategic information management solutions. However they along with Oracle are considered to be very expensive and that is the reason why are largely considered only by large corporations. Strategic information system is one of the critical information system used by modern day organisations to take important decisions in the system. This paper intends to study the critical aspect of strategic information systems and see how they work with each other. We also intend to do a literature review of strategic information systems which are prevalent in the country of Australia. Modern day organisations stresses a lot in proper management of day to data and then calling up proper inferences from this data. Critical report from McKinsey suggests that it is the organisation data which is most meaningful during decision making process of the organisation. The processing of strategic information system started back in the period when Enterprise resource planning started taking major steps in the industry. However as the gradual upscale s tarted for ERP, people started realising that it is data powerhouse and can help in reducing efforts in managing information that organisations have. Strategic information management systems are very important for overall development of large corporations. Even mid-level corporations use it extensively so that they can scale up easily to become a large modern day large corporation. However this was a story which was available in the market lets say 10 years back or 5 years back. Nowadays there are many small vendors in the market who provide customised strategic information management solution and are used extensively by small sized corporations. The times in the market are extensively challenging, small players are now finding new modern day vendors which has taken the price point of the system to a very low level. This was not the situation few years back. Modern day strategic information system should be able to talk to all data generation points for the company. Some reports which customers know about and prepare on regular basis should be part of the system. However other than that there is a requirement that customers have not been able to visualise and these reports are actually the selling point for the product. The modern day service providers actually visualise such problems and then visit the customers. Solution providers work alongside customers to build in new solutions, then test them as part of best practises and finally take it to their product. Some vendors even go to an extent of buildings learnings from interaction with customers and then implementing into industry based modules. Strategic information management solutions have evolved in last 20 years. Earlier in the start of information age companies used to focus on having solutions which will just process data and create some basic sets of information. However as the system has advanced and technology has improved over the last 20 years, companies have made these tools more powerful. Such products are now operating at a very advanced stages and hence are much mature in industry. Some of the major companies which have presence in strategic information management ecosystem are Oracle, SAP, business intelli, SaLL. All of these systems are pretty famous and have been providing good experience to the user base at large. Each of these softwares differ in ways of features provided by them and also the functionalities provided by them. Some of them are industry focussed, some of them are having niche presence in particular market. For example a financial service provider like a bank generally opt for more known br and in the financial domain like Oracle and SAP. What also helps organisations like Oracle and SAP is the fact that they are already in most cases provider of strong ERP systems in many multinational organisations. For a user perspective it is very important the whole CXO team is involved in proper decision making process. These kind of decisions related to strategic information management softwares can make or break the backbone of the company. A customer relationship management solution which is better known as CRM, is a subset of strategic information management solutions. A modern large corporations nowadays cant survive without a strategic information management systems. ERP systems throw lot of information to the users, however whether it can change the whole decision making process is thing which is highly debatable. This is where information generated from ERP systems becomes an input for Strategic information management systems, which provides an output which can aid decision making at another level. Some focussed strategic information management systems also focusses on specific industry. Oracle is one such service provider which is backbone of all banking informations in the world. This is the reason why they are considered to be industry focussed and hence experts in a particular set of solution. Lets say a finance service provider, which focusses on payment systems will be trusting Oracle solutions more compared to any other service provider. All of these systems are pretty famous and have been providing good experience to the user base at la rge. Each of these softwares differ in ways of features provided by them and also the functionalities provided by them. Some of them are industry focussed, some of them are having niche presence in particular market. For example a financial service provider like a bank generally opt for more known brand in the financial domain like Oracle and SAP. What also helps organisations like Oracle and SAP is the fact that they are already in most cases provider of strong ERP systems in many multinational organisations. For a user perspective it is very important the whole CXO team is involved in proper decision making process. SAP is a service provider which has a big strategic advantage in the industry. The company has off the shelf many industry focussed ERP solutions. It also has many add on packages which have plug and play features. This is where all major industry related ERP solutions are covered. In such a scenario all major large corporations who have ERP solutions based on SAP are easily able to integrate strategic information management systems provided by SAP. However they along with Oracle are considered to be very expensive and that is the reason why are largely considered only by large corporations. Strategic information system is one of the critical information system used by modern day organisations to take important decisions in the system. This paper intends to study the critical aspect of strategic information systems and see how they work with each other. We also intend to do a literature review of strategic information systems which are prevalent in the country of Australia. Modern da y organisations stresses a lot in proper management of day to data and then calling up proper inferences from this data. Critical report from McKinsey suggests that it is the organisation data which is most meaningful during decision making process of the organisation. The processing of strategic information system started back in the period when Enterprise resource planning started taking major steps in the industry. However as the gradual upscale started for ERP, people started realising that it is data powerhouse and can help in reducing efforts in managing information that organisations have. References: Acin, F.G., Fernndez, J.M., Magn, J.J. and Molina, E., 2012. Production cost of a real microalgae production plant and strategies to reduce it.Biotechnology advances,30(6), pp.1344-1353 Aksenov, V.V., Walter, A.V., Gordeyev, A.A. and Kosovets, A.V., 2015. Classification of geokhod units and systems based on product cost analysis and estimation for a prototype model production. InIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering(Vol. 91, No. 1, p. 012088). IOP Publishing Barringer, B., 2012.Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures, (2012) Du, J., Cook, W.D., Liang, L. and Zhu, J., 2014. Fixed cost and resource allocation based on DEA cross-efficiency.European Journal of Operational Research,235(1), pp.206-214 Goodacre, C.J. and Naylor, W.P., 2016. Single implant and crown versus fixed partial denture: A cost-benefit, patient-centred analysis.European Journal of Oral Implantology,9(2), pp.S59-S68 Haarlemmer, G., Boissonnet, G., Imbach, J., Setier, P.A. and Peduzzi, E., 2012. Second generation BtL type biofuelsa production cost analysis.Energy Environmental Science,5(9), pp.8445-8456 Hannula, I., 2015. Co-production of synthetic fuels and district heat from biomass residues, carbon dioxide and electricity: Performance and cost analysis.Biomass and Bioenergy,74, pp.26-46 Kazlauskien?, V. and Christauskas, ?., 2015. Business valuation model based on the analysis of business value drivers.Engineering Economics,57(2) Machui, F., Hsel, M., Li, N., Spyropoulos, G.D., Ameri, T., Sndergaard, R.R., Jrgensen, M., Scheel, A., Gaiser, D., Kreul, K. and Lenssen, D., 2014. Cost analysis of roll-to-roll fabricated ITO free single and tandem organic solar modules based on data from manufacture.Energy Environmental Science,7(9), pp.2792-2802 Margolies, A. and Hoddinott, J., 2015. Costing alternative transfer modalities.Journal of Development Effectiveness,7(1), pp.1-16